Surface Treatment

Broad Basics on the World of Metal FinishingThere are a few concepts or processes that are simply vital within the world of metal manufacturing and metalwork, and one of the most notable here is finishing. Finishing is a broad category that speaks to various treatments used to affect a metal’s molecular structure, and offers numerous ways to improve the surface of a metal with specific applications or needs in mind.Why Metal Finishing is VitalFor those who are just learning about metal finishing, it’s important to understand why the process exists and how it can be beneficial. Finishing is used to improve a metal’s surface qualities, such as resistance to corrosion or oxidation, conductivity, wear and abrasion resistance, reflectivity or other desired attributes.The aim of any metal finishing process is to create an outer layer that will be better suited for the specific needs of your application. Finishing is also a great way to increase both visual and aesthetic appeal through polishing, coating or other treatments.For these reasons, finishing is one of the most common treatments done to metal objects, including metal pipes and metal sheets.Types of Metal FinishingThere are several types of metal finishing out there depending on the application and other factors. These include:· Grinding: This process uses abrasive materials to smooth the surface of a metal. It can be used for some basic grinding, or in more fine finishing processes such as polishing and honing.· Plating: Plating involves applying thin layers of metal material on top of a host metal to provide improved characteristics, often related to corrosion resistance or wear resistance.· Electroplating: One particular type of plating, electroplating involves adding a thin layer of metal material to the surface of another through an electric current.· Anodizing: Anodizing is another type of metal finishing that uses an electrical current to create a protective layer on the surface of the metal.· Powder coating: This process involves spraying dry powdered paint onto a metal surface, which will then be heated to form a strong and durable finish.· Polishing or buffing: This type of metal finishing involves using an abrasive material to create a smooth, shiny surface.· Painting: While this is not a metal-specific process, painting on metals can offer excellent protection and also create an aesthetically appealing finish.· Blasting: Sand, glass beads or other materials are used to create a matte finish on certain metals. This allows for a strong, durable finish on the surface of the metal.· Brushing: Another technique used to give metal objects a glistening finish, this process involves brushing the surface with an abrasive material.Key Factors To Consider When Selecting A Finish TypeWhen you’re deciding which type of metal finishing is best for your application, there are several factors that need to be taken into consideration. These include:· Base metal being used: Different metal finishes are better suited to certain base metals, so be sure to look into which type of finish is best for your particular material. For instance, anodizing is often best for aluminum, while electroplating is usually used on brass or copper.· Aesthetic needs: What kind of look and feel do you want your metal to have? Keep this in mind when selecting a finish type so that you achieve the desired outcome.· Protection and durability requirements: Different finishes offer different levels of protection and durability, which is an important factor to consider. For instance, painting can be a great way to protect against corrosion or weathering, while anodizing offers excellent wear and abrasion resistance.· Cost: Different metal finishes come with different costs associated with them, so it’s important to keep this in mind as well.By understanding the different types of metal finishing and key factors to consider when selecting a finish type, you can make sure that you choose the right metal solution for your particular application. Not only can this help ensure that you get the desired aesthetic results, but also protect against wear-and-tear or corrosion in the long run. 

What is Steel Corrosion? IntroductionSteel is one of the most common materials used in construction. Steel is a type of alloy that contains at least 10% of iron and some other element like carbon, manganese, or chromium. It’s strong and durable, making it ideal for many applications.However, steel has one weakness that ruins its usefulness: corrosion. Steel corrodes when it comes in contact with water or oxygen (which is always present in air). This process causes the metal to rust, which is a form of oxidation that makes steel brittle and weakens its structural integrity over time. Steel corrosion affects buildings as well as bridges and other structures where steel is used extensively.In general terms, the surface of steel can be protected against corrosion by galvanizing it with zinc (galvanized steel) or by applying special coatings.Let’s explore steel corrosion more in detail.Why does corrosion happen?Steel corrosion is a common problem that affects the structural integrity and longevity of steel-based materials and structures. It occurs when steel reacts with the environment, resulting in the formation of rust and other types of deterioration.There are several factors that contribute to steel corrosion, including the type of steel, the presence of moisture and oxygen, and the presence of certain chemicals and pollutants.Corrosion is a natural process that occurs when certain materials come into contact with the environment. In the case of steel, corrosion occurs when the surface of the steel reacts with oxygen and moisture in the air, forming a thin layer of iron oxide, also known as rust. This process is known as oxidation, and it is a chemical reaction that is triggered by the presence of water and oxygen.There are several factors that can contribute to the corrosion of steel.One of the most important factors is the type of steel. Different types of steel have different levels of corrosion resistance, depending on the elements that are used to create the steel. For example, stainless steel is highly resistant to corrosion because it contains a high level of chromium, which forms a thin, protective layer on the surface of the steel. On the other hand, carbon steel is more susceptible to corrosion because it does not contain enough chromium to form a protective layer.Another factor that can contribute to steel corrosion is the presence of certain chemicals and pollutants in the environment. Certain chemicals, such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, can react with the surface of the steel, causing it to corrode. Similarly, exposure to pollutants such as salt, oil, and grease can also lead to corrosion.Other factors that can affect corrosion include:· · · The temperature. Too much or too little heat can cause steel to corrode faster than usual, so make sure your home is well-ventilated during hot months and keep all appliances away from wet surfaces if possible so as not to promote rusting over time (if there’s any chance at all).· · The environment around the steel structure; for example proximity with other materials such as concrete floors or walls that contain salts like chloride ions which contribute significantly towards accelerating corrosion problems over time due their tendency towards absorbing moisture from nearby surfaces thus causing themTypes of Steel Corrosion· · · Galvanic corrosion is the electrochemical reaction between two dissimilar metals in an electrolyte solution. This can cause the metal to corrode faster than normal or become pitted.· · Stress corrosion cracking is a type of failure caused by a stress concentration that results in cracking within a material, such as the steel used for pipeline construction. Stress corrosion cracking occurs when there are cracks inside a material that can be opened up during its use (such as through thermal cycling).· · Pitting corrosion occurs when there are small holes present on the surface of materials due to pitting corrosion attack by chemicals like hydrogen sulfide and nitric acid compounds from soils and groundwater contaminants leaking into pipelines systems as well as from chemical spills near pipes/pipelines regions.· · Electrolytic Corrosion: This type of corrosion takes place when electric current flows through water or moisture-filled areas like soil that contains salt ions; this causes chemical reactions within these materials which lead them to corrode over time until they fail completely due to erosion.* Rusting: This type is where iron reacts with oxygen in air environment leading to formation of Fe2O3 hydrated oxide film layer around it surface; which protects it from further reaction with oxygenHow to prevent corrosion?There are several ways in which steel corrosion can be prevented and controlled.One of the most effective ways is through the use of coatings and finishes.These protective layers can be applied to the surface of the steel to prevent the reaction between the steel and the environment. Coatings and finishes are available in a range of different types, including paints, galvanizing, and electroplating, each of which offers different levels of protection against corrosion.Another way to prevent steel corrosion is through the use of corrosion inhibitors.These are chemical agents that are added to the environment to inhibit the corrosion process. There are several types of corrosion inhibitors, including organic and inorganic inhibitors, each of which is effective at preventing corrosion in different types of environments.The impact of steel corrosion on the strength and reliability of steel-based materials and structures can be significant. As the surface of the steel deteriorates and rust forms, the steel becomes weaker and more prone to failure. This can lead to structural failure and collapse, which can be catastrophic in some cases. In addition, steel corrosion can also lead to reduced aesthetic appeal, as rust and other forms of deterioration are unsightly.The optimum corrosion protection for steel is GalvanizingIt’s true that galvanizing provides the best corrosion protection for steel. Galvanized steel is coated with zinc, which forms a barrier between the metal and any corrosion-causing chemicals. This barrier prevents rust from forming and protects it from all forms of corrosion.Galvanizing is a process that coats steel with zinc, which protects it from corrosion. If you have galvanized steel in your home, you may have noticed that it looks pink or brown when new. This coating gradually fades over time as the zinc is eaten away by contact with air and moisture. Galvanized steel is always the best choice for protecting steel because of its durability and longevity compared to other methods of applying coatings such as paint or enamel.  Galvanized products are sturdy enough for many uses around the house: fences, gutters, mailboxes and siding all benefit from being made out of galvanized metal because they will last longer than similar products made from other materials like wood or plastic (which could crack under pressure). The application process takes advantage of electricity running through copper plates submerged in an electrolyte bath at high current densities resulting in electroplating—that means a layer of zinc builds up on top of whatever metal was used!ConclusionIn conclusion, steel corrosion is a common problem that affects the structural integrity and longevity of steel-based materials and structures. It occurs when steel reacts with the environment, resulting in the formation of rust and other forms of deterioration. There are several factors that can contribute to steel corrosion, including the type of steel, the presence of moisture and oxygen, and the presence of certain chemicals and pollutants. However, steel corrosion can be prevented and controlled through the use of coatings and finishes, corrosion inhibitors, and other methods like galvanizing. The impact of steel corrosion on the strength and reliability of steel-based materials and structures can be significant, making it important to take steps to prevent and control corrosion. 

HOW TO POLISH METALMetals are often selected for their aesthetic appeal as much as their mechanical properties. In these cases, the metal needs to be polished to attain the desired look. There are several different ways to polish metal and certain considerations that need to be evaluated prior to selecting a polishing method. Why Polish Metal?Polishing metal is often done for aesthetic reasons. Polishing improves the surface quality of the metal and makes it more lustrous, which is often desired for display pieces or artwork. This is often accompanied by buffing the metal, which leads to a true mirror-like finish. Another reason for polishing metal is to remove surface contaminants for critical applications. Polishing achieves this by abrading away the variations and contaminants on a metal surface. Even if not visible to the naked eye, unpolished metal surfaces are full of these variations and contaminants that can be undesirable in certain situations. Polishing can also reduce the risk of corrosion because it reduces the size and amount of crevices on a metal surface that could promote corrosion. In the world of metallurgical evaluation, metals are often polished because it is the best way to observe the crystal structures, discontinuities, and defects of a metal under a microscope or other observation device. How to Polish MetalThe polishing process typically starts by rapidly rubbing a metal surface against a coarse grit abrasive material. Once a metal has been polished thoroughly by a certain grit size, the process should be repeated with a finer grit size. This repetition is performed several times until the desired level of polish is achieved. The abrasive material on the polishing wheel that is used depends on the material type and its hardness. Softer metals like copper and aluminum may require a silicon carbide as an abrasive material for polishing, whereas harder materials like alloy steel may require aluminum oxide as a polishing abrasive material. Oftentimes a liquid is used during the polishing process to prevent excessive heat due to friction from occurring. Ways to Polish MetalThe simplest way to polish a metal is to apply the abrasive material to the metal surface by hand. However, this is generally not an efficient solution for large scale polishing operations and can cause a lack of quality and consistency. In order to be more efficient and enhance quality, the rubbing motion during polishing is usually done by mechanical methods. There are several tools that can be used to do this. One way is to mount a polishing disc to a handheld power tool like a drill or angle grinder. Another way is to use a belt sanding machine. Lastly, in metallurgical applications, polishing is usually done on special pieces of equipment known as polishing machines that are essentially turntables with abrasive papers attached to them. Whatever method is used, the abrasive material is continuously changed to finer and finer grit sizes throughout the process until the polish is satisfactory.

Ultrasonic testing is suitable for non-destructive testing of various test pieces such as metal, non-metal and composite materials. The defect positioning is accurate, the detection cost is low, the speed is fast, and the equipment is light.

Magnetic particle inspection is a non-destructive testing method for detecting defects at the surface or near surface of a ferromagnetic material by depositing magnetic powder in a magnetic field near the defect.

CNC machining center is a full-function CNC machine tool. It concentrates functions such as milling, boring, drilling, tapping and thread cutting on one device, giving it a variety of technological means.The CNC machining center is provided with a magazine, and different numbers of various tools or inspection tools are stored in the magazine, which are automatically selected and replaced by the program during the processing.The CNC machining center has a comprehensive processing capability. After the workpieces are clamped once, more processing contents can be completed and the machining accuracy is higher. For batch workpieces with medium processing difficulty, the efficiency is 5 to 10 times that of ordinary equipment, especially It can finish the processing that many common equipments can't complete. It is more suitable for the single-piece processing with more complex shapes and high precision requirements or the production of medium and small batches and multiple varieties.

Grinding refers to the method of machining excess material on the workpiece with abrasives and abrasive tools. Grinding is one of the most widely used cutting methods.Grinding is the use of high-speed rotating grinding wheels and other tools to machine the workpiece surface. Grinding inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, conical surfaces and planes used to machine a variety of workpieces, as well as special, complex forming surfaces such as threads, gears and splines. Due to the high hardness of the abrasive grains and the self-sharpening of the grinding tools, grinding can be used to process a wide range of materials including hardened steels, high-strength alloy steels, hard alloys, glass, ceramics and marbles and other high-hardness metals. metallic material.Grinding is usually used for semi-finishing and finishing. Accuracy can be as high as IT8~5 or even higher. Surface roughness is generally Ra1.25~0.16 micron, precision grinding is Ra0.16~0.04 micron, super-precision grinding Sharpening is Ra0.04~0.01μm, and mirror grinding can reach Ra0.01μm or less.

Phosphating is the process of immersing a seamless steel tube in a phosphating solution (predominantly acid-phosphate-based solution) that forms a layer of insoluble crystalline phosphate conversion film on the surface. Phosphating is a chemical process. The process of electrochemical reaction to form a phosphate chemical conversion film. The phosphate conversion film formed is called a phosphating film, so as to prevent corrosion of the metal to a certain extent. It is used to make primer before painting, and to improve the adhesion of the film layer. Efforts and anti-corrosion capabilities; use anti-friction lubrication in metal cold working processes. "Phosphate saponification" refers to a process of saponification followed by phosphating. It is generally used in drawing or drawing machining processes. After the phosphating film is generally 8-12 microns, it then enters the saponification solution and is then drawn or stretched. The purpose of saponification is to further increase the lubricating properties.

Pickling and passivation is a chemical reaction. Firstly, the oxide skin and rust on the surface of steel can be removed by pickling solution, and the passivation process is completed at the same time. Can effectively prevent the seamless steel tube oxidation, to achieve the purpose of anti-corrosion. Before pickling and passivation, it is necessary to remove oil, degrease and remove impurities such as surface drawing compounds. The surface of the seamless steel pipe after pickling and passivation becomes uniform silver white, which greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel.

the rods first undergo precision milling and processing, and are then put through grind surface chromium treatment, allowing a surface precision level of f8, and a surface hardness reaching HV850 minimum and up, which not only help to improve wear resistance but also help to extend the life cycle of the rods, thus helping the customer save cost.

  Face milling Side millingOur company can supply follows materials in face milling and side mill processes:Size RangeWidth: 3600mm maxHeight: 2000mm maxDimension Tolerance-0mm, +0.05mm max

What is Galvanized Steel Wire?Galvanized steel wire refers to any steel wire product that has subjected to a galvanizing process to improve its resistance to corrosion. This process typically involves dipping the finished wire product into a bath of heated zinc compound to form a scratch- and corrosion-resistant coating across the entire surface of the wire. Although this coating is not considered to be a permanent anti-corrosion solution, it does greatly increase the wire's resistance to rust and thus considerably prolongs its service lifespan. Galvanized steel wire is available in a wide range of gauges and lengths, and is used extensively in the construction industry and in the industrial, do-it-yourself, and agricultural sectors.Galvanizing is a particularly effective method of producing low cost, corrosion-resistant steel and iron products. Carbon steel and iron items are far more cost effective than similar stainless steel products, and the galvanizing process itself is not particularly costly. Galvanizing also offers very good corrosion protection so finished products are effective and cheap.The galvanizing process protects products such as galvanized steel wire in the several ways. The first line of defense is formed by the physical barrier created by the galvanized layer. The second and most effective part of the anti-corrosion process involves what is known as "sacrificial anode" protection. The zinc coating is far less corrosion resistant than the steel, which causes it to be consumed by corrosion first, protecting the underlying wire.One of the best characteristics of galvanized steel wire is the fact that, should the galvanized coating be scratched through to the underlying steel, it will continue to cathodically protect the exposed steel from corrosion. This makes the galvanizing process a particularly efficient anti-corrosion treatment.New galvanized steel wire is easily recognized by its matte gray, spangled surface. This spangle or crystalline appearance is a product of the size of the zinc particles in the hot dip solution and the cooling rate after the wire has been dipped. In other galvanized products, these characteristics can be manipulated to give an attractive aesthetic finish to the end product.Once the wire has been exposed to the elements for some time, the wire will turn a dull, darker gray color which is an indication that the coating is corroding and doing its job as sacrificial anode. At this point, should the wire be nicked or scratched, it will take extended exposure to cause the steel to rust due to the continued cathodic protection offered by the galvanized coating.Galvanized steel wire is extensively used as a binding or baling fastener, in the production of moderate strength steel ropes, and as reinforcement in multi-core electrical cables. Its low cost and ease of production makes this wire ideal for mass produced corrosion resistant wire products. It is an indispensable industrial, agricultural, and DIY fastening and reinforcement standard.